🇷🇴 Aduanas e impuestos de importación: Rumanía
Datos rápidos
Umbral libre de impuestos
$0
Impuestos desde $0
IVA / Impuesto
19%
CIF value + duty. Reduced 9% for food, water, medicines, hotel accommodation, restaurant services. Reduced 5% for books, newspapers, cultural events, social housing.
Tiempo de despacho
1-5 días
tramitación habitual
Tipos arancelarios por categoría
| Categoría | Tipo arancelario | Capítulo HS |
|---|---|---|
| Electronics | 0-3.7% (smartphones 0%, laptops 0%, TVs 14%) | HS 85 |
| Clothing | 12% (knitted garments 12%, woven shirts 12%) | HS 61-62 |
| Footwear | 8-17% (leather shoes 8%, sports shoes 16.9%) | HS 64 |
| Food products | 0-26% (meat 12.8%, dairy 9-36%, cereals 0-13%) | HS 01-24 |
| Machinery | 0-4% (industrial machinery 0%, pumps 1.7%) | HS 84 |
| Cosmetics | 2.5-6.5% (perfumes 6.5%, skincare 2.5%) | HS 33 |
| Books | 0% | HS 49 |
| Toys | 0-4.7% (video game consoles 0%, dolls 4.7%) | HS 95 |
Las tarifas mostradas corresponden a mercancías estándar. El tipo exacto depende del código HS de tu artículo.
Calculadora de aranceles
Proceso de despacho de aduanas
Romanian Customs Authority (Autoritatea Vamala Romana) follows EU Union Customs Code. RO-eCustoms electronic declaration system. Constanta port (Black Sea, major gateway for Central/Eastern Europe) and Bucharest Otopeni airport are main entry points. Posta Romana handles postal customs. IOSS for VAT from €0.
Qué esperar realmente
EU customs but can be slower than Western Europe. Posta Romana postal parcels may take 3-7 days for clearance, bureaucratic delays common. Express couriers significantly faster and more reliable (1-2 days). Constanta port handles significant Black Sea trade. Not yet in Schengen, border checks still apply at land borders. Customs system modernizing but still catching up to Western EU standards.
Documentos necesarios
Factura comercial
Descripción, cantidad, valor, datos del remitente y destinatario
Lista de empaque
Descripción detallada del contenido
Declaración aduanera (CN22/CN23)
Requerida para envíos postales
Guía aérea (AWB)
Generada por el transportista al reservar el envío
Certificado de origen
Puede requerirse para aranceles reducidos
Licencia de exportación/importación
Para productos restringidos
Requisitos de licencia de importación
EU-standard licensing. Required for agricultural quotas, dual-use goods, weapons. ANSVSA (National Sanitary Veterinary Authority) for food safety and animal products. Constanta port is key gateway for Black Sea and Central Asian trade routes.
Certificado de origen
Issued by Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Romania (CCIR, Camera de Comert si Industrie a Romaniei). EUR.1 movement certificate for EU FTA partners. REX system for registered exporters.
Más información →Artículos prohibidos y restringidos
Prohibidos
- xNarcóticos y drogas ilegales
- xExplosivos y materiales inflamables
- xArmas y municiones
- xProductos falsificados
- xMoneda y documentos falsos
Restringidos (requiere permiso)
- !Medicamentos
- !Alimentos y bebidas
- !Plantas y semillas
- !Electrónica (baterías de litio)
- !Perfumes y cosméticos
Enlaces útiles
Estimación de aranceles
Cargos de importación estimados al enviar mercancías a Rumanía:
| Valor del producto | Arancel | IVA/Impuesto | Total a pagar |
|---|---|---|---|
| $50 | $2 | $10 | $12 |
| $100 | $4 | $20 | $24 |
| $200 | $8 | $40 | $48 |
| $500 | $21 | $99 | $120 |
| $1000 | $42 | $198 | $240 |
Solo estimaciones. Los aranceles reales dependen de la categoría del producto.
Rutas populares a Rumanía
Preguntas frecuentes
What is the duty-free threshold for Rumanía?
Rumanía has no duty-free threshold. All imported goods are subject to duties regardless of their value.
What is the VAT rate on imports to Rumanía?
The VAT/tax rate on imports to Rumanía is 19%. VAT applies to: CIF value + duty. Reduced 9% for food, water, medicines, hotel accommodation, restaurant services. Reduced 5% for books, newspapers, cultural events, social housing.
How long does customs clearance take in Rumanía?
Typical customs clearance in Rumanía takes 1-5 days. Express shipments usually clear faster.
What documents are needed to import into Rumanía?
To import into Rumanía, you typically need: commercial invoice, packing list, bill of lading/airway bill, and customs declaration. Some goods may require a certificate of origin or import license.
What items are prohibited from import into Rumanía?
Rumanía prohibits the import of narcotics, weapons, counterfeit goods, certain animal products, and hazardous materials. Restrictions may also apply to alcohol, tobacco, pharmaceuticals, and certain electronics.